Agro-Monitor using ATmega328p and Sensors with Wi-Fi SoC Integration for Smart Farming

Abstract

Agriculture in modern times needs scalable monitoring equipment to evaluate environmental variables for enhancing efficiency and yield. This document introduces Agro-Monitor, a smart farm configuration based on an Arduino Uno. The system incorporates important environmental sensors: TMP36 for soil temperature, DHT22 for ambient temperature and humidity, a soil moisture sensor, HC-SR04 for water level in the field, and an LDR for sunlight intensity. The sensor information is shown on a 16×2 LCD display, while a buzzer and LED provide notifications for alarming field scenarios. To facilitate remote access, the device employs an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module to transmit live readings, allowing farmers to monitor conditions on their mobile phones. Agro-Monitor is built with affordability and modularity, making it well suited for rural or resource-constrained locations. The prototype also allows for future expansion, such as zonal sampling approaches and integration with cloud platforms or machine learning libraries, upgrading it into a strong precision agriculture system for prediction and large-scale deployment.